Book Report The Beasts Of The East Basketball

On a fierce summer day in Harlem, the basketball courts were loud and loaded. The event every small infant, to up and coming middle school player, high school stars, and some past NBA legends found pleasure in. Exhilarating and dramatic, the Beasts in the East Basketball Tournament was about to start, and the two best players in the East were the brothers Jermaine and Chauncey Collin. Before I go any further, the Beasts in the East Basketball Tournament was an annual event like an NBA All-Star Weekend. The tournament includes the best players on the East side of America and host events that exemplify the player s skill. The only difference with the Beasts in the East’s All-Star game and any other all-star game is your performance in the†¦show more content†¦Unfortunate for him, no one would agree. Anyhow, the opening presentation of the tournament finally began with each one of the players lined up on a podium facing the enormous crowd. â€Å"Welcome to the Beasts of the East Basketball Tournament!† said the announcer heartily into the microphone, â€Å"Alright y’all, I have a huge stash of fun for you ladies and gents this breathtaking evening, and I can assure this year will be just as good if not better than lasts!† The crowd erupted with excitement, preparing themselves to witness, what they deem greatness, â€Å"Ok, let me break down what events we will be having tonight,† began the announcer, â€Å"The three-point contest will be cramped this year because it contains a good amount of players who can really spray the ball,† continued Announcer, â€Å"then following the three-point contest we have the world-famous dunk contest which should be fun, and finally to put the cherry on top of the tournament we have our own annual all-star game!† All this excitement seemed to have a nix effect on Matthew. His face was brimming with confidence. Matthew wasn’t shaken by the noise for one split second. It seemed like Matthew noticed that he could, and possibly would win all there was to win at that tournament. Poor Matthew, little did he know that the Collins would give him a run for his money, but then an â€Å"accident† happened. As the players were coming off the podium to prepare themselves for theShow MoreRelatedCountry Notebook Essay12249 Words   |  49 PagesKorea is located in East Asia, on the southern half of the Korean Peninsula jutting out from the far east of the Asian land mass (See Appendix A). The only country with a land border to South Korea is North Korea, lying to the north with 238 kilometers (148 mi) of border running along the DMZ. South Korea is mostly surrounded by water and has 2,413 kilometers (1,499 mi) of coast line along three seas. To the west is the Yellow Sea, to the south is the East China Sea, and to the east is Ulleung-do andRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 PagesDowden This book Logical Reasoning by Bradley H. Dowden is licensed under a Creative Commons AttributionNonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. 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Dreams Are From The Book Your Soul Is Writing About You

Dreams are illustrations from the book your soul is writing about you Marsha Norman The Interpretation of Dreams was published by Sigmund Freud in the year 1900 as a thought provoking compilation of ideas surrounding the cognitive processes of dreaming. Although it has been translated and edited since its original publishing date, it reads as if to hold true to Freudian fashion; addressing levels of consciousness and their effects on how specific dreams are formed. Freud makes a clear and reverent effort to acknowledge others theories, as well as his own, in an attempt to explain the unexplainable. His focus throughout the text is to hypothesize on how regression, resistance, and censorship all play a delicate role in the remembrance and interpretation of ones dreams. It is Freud’s skillful application of resistance and censorship that grants further contemplation of why dreams are so soon to fade and be forgotten upon awakening. It is also this application that guides the reader into how these two processes may require one to use free association to interpret such dreams. Resistance and censorship are explained by Freud as a cognitive process that happens due to the separation of waking and sleeping states. He presents the idea that while one sleeps, the cognitive censorship used throughout waking hours is significantly reduced, making dreams possible. However, immediately present upon awakening is mental resistance, resulting in the â€Å"forgetting† or â€Å"fragmenting† ofShow MoreRelated Virgil’s Vision of the Underworld and Reincarnation in Book VI of the Aeneid1280 Words   |  6 PagesReincarnation in Book VI of the Aeneid â€Å"Virgil paints his sad prophetic picture of the Underworld in shadowy halftones fraught with tears and pathos. His sources are eclectic, but his poetic vision is personal and unique† (Lenardon, 312). 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Contemporary Perspectives of Early Childhood

Question: This assessment requires you to draw on your learning from weeks 1-7, in relation to theories of learning and development, and respond to a statement in the form of a scholarly essay with academic referencing. Answer: This essay aims to draw our learning in relation to the theories of learning and development and images of the child. The deconstruction of the statement-Our image of the child is rich in potential, strong, powerful, competent and most of all, connected to the adults and other children will be taken into consideration. The stages of childhood concern a type of apprenticeship for consecutive stages of the future. Childhood is the initial step for getting mentally prepared to learn new things. Child development is an element of an interdisciplinary field called as developmental science. It comprises of all the alterations which is experienced throughout the lifetime. Huge diversity distinguishes the concerns as well as interests of several investigators who are involved with the study of child development. All of them want to accomplish the similar goal: to explain and recognize the factors that persuade the consistencies and alterations in young individuals in the first two decades of existence. This essay will also identify and discuss the theories and will explore the implications of the theories along with the images for learning as well as teaching. The understanding of individuals regarding child development involves an interdisciplinary approach (Kolb, 2014). By involving the mutual efforts of individuals from different fields it has attained a successful growth. Because of the necessity to solve daily problems relating to the children, several researchers from different fields such as sociology, psychology, biology, neuroscience and anthropology have joined hands with the professionals from medicine, public health, education, social service, family studies et. Child development is a field which exists today as an acknowledgment to the involvements of these disciplines. The knowledge regarding child development is not just logically important but appropriate and valuable (Trawick-Smith, 2013). The interdisciplinary study with respect to human constancy and alteration is divided into three broad domains: Cognitive, social and emotional, physical. These three domains are not really different. Rather, they come together in an amalgamated, holistic approach to yield the existing, growing child (Gonzalez-Mena, 2013). Moreover, all the domains are influenced by each other. Social and emotional development involves the changes in social and emotional communications, knowledge of self-understanding regarding other people, friendships, interpersonal skills, intimate relationships, behavior and moral reasoning (Lewis Mitchell, 2014).Cognitive development involves the alterations in the intellectual abilities together with memory, attention, academic and knowledge of each and every day, creativity, language, problem solving and imagination. Physical development involves the alterations in size of the body, appearance, functioning of the body, motor and perceptual capacities along wi th physical health (Wasserman Zambo, 2013). Besides differentiating and amalgamating the three domains, an additional dilemma comes up in the discussion of development which is involved with how to part time flow into reasonable, controllable parts. The researchers frequently utilizes the periods of age which brings societal expectations and new capabilities that function as significant transitions in the key theories (Morrison, 2013). In the field of early childhood care and education, a theory refers to a collection of thoughts that elucidate a certain subject matter in the field of learning and development in children (Penn, 2014). Characteristically, the development of a theory occurs through the utilization of thoughtful and coherent forms of conceptual and comprehensive idea. Additionally, a theory is frequently based on common ideologies that are autonomous of what is being elucidated. As a result, someone who thinks regarding the given details and comes up with a probable elucidation for those details is known as a theorist. A number of individuals articulate that theorists turn up with conceptual thoughts and viewpoints and subsequently spend their lives struggling to prove themselves, since ideas can constantly be uncertain until confirmed completely. What theories offer are ways of knowing that persuade thoughts and impact on performing in meticulous ways (Mitchell et al., 2013). From the theories, different sets of suppositions are created regarding how little children learn as well as develop, and what knowledge and education may possibly and be supposed to appear like (Kolb, 2014). These suppositions persuade the way educators reflect and operate, and they possess an impact on their thoughts and viewpoints. They vision the world in definite ways. They recognize and elucidate what is happening based on the existing theories they identify in relation to, and that reverberate with their individual understanding, thoughts and consideration (Bruce, 2012). These are the speculative viewpoints, the analysis arising from the theories from which educators function on a daily basis when functioning in the settings of early childhood. These theoretical perceptions could be on social views of upbringing, how children gain knowledge, and the responsibility of families as well as communities in the development of a child (Gordon Browne, 2013). Theories place children and their education in meticulous behaviors which have implications for how educators instruct, discover and recognize the development of child. Courses intended to train educators to work in the education of early childhood and concerned professions are supported by a diversity of theories that associate with a variety of characteristics of development of child and learning such as mental and emotional expansion, physical and cognitive development, verbal communication and societal development, engage in recreation, self-sufficiency along with independence (Essa, 2013). In Western countries the most important theorists includes Vygotsky, Bandura, Erikson, Ainsworth, Piaget, Bowlby, and Skinner. The viewpoints of these theorists enlighten and direct the work of educators with families, young children, as well as communities and at the same time they make available theoretical understandings on characteristics that are complicated to understand (Trawick-Smith, 2013). Thinking intensely regarding ones performance and then associating this with the theoretical viewpoints that enlighten that practice facilitates the educators to proceed in a more knowledgeable way to alter their practice (Wittmer et al., 2012). Talking about the developmental theories, these theories initiated from the conventional base for development of child involving developmental psychology and created the conception that there is a worldwide outline of development and consequently an expected way to development and learning for every child (Penn, 2014).. Ideas developing in the course of the 19th century focused on the pragmatic alterations in children as they matured. These alterations or milestones have been expressed into different phases which are differentiated by qualitatively diverse behaviors (Bornstein Bradley, 2014). A number of developmental theorists observe development as an irregular course of action. They consider that development engages separate and different stages with diverse types of behavior taking place in every stage (Trawick-Smith, 2013). On the other hand few support a unremitting vision of development and propose that development engages regular and continuing alterations throughout the existence, with behavior in the prior developmental stages providing the foundation of talent and capabilities essential for the subsequent stages. Developmental theories are condemned for not reflecting the existence of present children and their knowledge by not focusing on the societal and educational characteristics that impact on the process of development (Lewis Mitchell, 2014). Talking about Socio-cultural theories, in modern years, these theories have offered a significant theoretical tool for rethinking a great deal of the practice in early childhood education. They illustrate profoundly on the effort of Vygotsky (1962), and more lately Rogoff (1990). These theories suggest that educators should be able to comprehend the development of children in the perspective of their individual communities. The children are placed as learners through the system of belief to which they are demonstrated and in the course of their communications with others (Crain, 2015).. Hedegaard (2004) illustrates this sight of development as the association between the society and the child. This means observing the development of a child in the conditions of their society, furthermore Fleer argues, society not just establishes the values for defining the process of development but outlines the framework in which the child development is supported (Swim, 2015). Vygotsky observed the societal surroundings as being influential to the learning of a child. It means that learning in the company of and from other individuals is prioritized. Prospects of what a child can accomplish at definite ages turn out to be uncertain as dissimilar cultural observations are reinforced through the community of a child (Mooney, 2013). Taking into consideration the Socio-behaviorist theories, it might seem unusual to cluster behavioral and social theories collectively as they are two extremely contradictory approaches (Morrison, 2013). Though, the major dissimilarities on which they rely involves their outlook of the child, their vision of the responsibility of grown-up individuals and their vision of understanding and create them questionably more appealing when positioned in concurrence than when alienated (Morrison, 2013). For behaviorists, information is provided to the children by the grown-ups in bite-sized amounts, whilst for the sociologists, understanding is formed as we comprehend life whilst interrelate with other individuals. The behaviorist children are flexible and moldable individuals who can be shaped by our wish, completely a product of the setting in which they mature (Crain, 2015). Social learning is considered to be predisposed by internal procedures concerning awareness, recollection, and inspiration, which may not be as willingly visible as behavior along with its consequences (Mitchell et al., 2013). Little children are particularly adjusted to learning in the course of representation or observing others, particularly if they recognize with the representation, or observe that the representation is reinforced for its procedures. Therefore, antagonistic and aggressive actions revealed by animated characters or additional media and perceived by the children might in fact persuade children to act in comparable ways, particularly if the character is resistant for its actions (Gonzalez-Mena, 2013). Ideas that distinguish behaviorism comprise the conviction that anybody can gain knowledge of everything if they are given the correct support; this positive support will motivate them to learn (Wittmer et al., 2012). Learning is hence perceived as being connected with societal and physical habituation. It is throughout the strengthening of behaviors displayed by the children. This signifies that the focus is not on the process of development but relatively on the process of learning along with the circumstances that facilitate or restrict the process of learning (Bruce, 2012). It is an approach that is directed by a teacher, and is not by the children. Educators make a decision regarding the everyday tasks to be well-read and subsequently direct the children to start these tasks (Bornstein Bradley, 2014). They construct their assessments regarding what is to be learnt and after that make available what is essential in reaction to the behavior of children to make sure the learning takes place (Penn, 2014). The key encouragers to this process of gaining knowledge are rewards along with reinforcements. In the settings of early childhood, educators have a tendency to reward constructive, preferred behavior through appreciation or rewards, furthermore overlook less pleasing behavior in the conviction that all the things can be learned as well as also unlearned (Kolb, 2014). In the end, it can be concluded that the theories of childhood development and learning assists in explaining the ways by which children learn as well as grow, the means by which their behavior might be tailored and improved, furthermore why it is argued that their results are created by biology as well as experiences. The stages of childhood concern a type of apprenticeship for consecutive stages of the future. Childhood is the initial step for getting mentally prepared to learn new things. Child development is an element of an interdisciplinary field called as developmental science. By considering the factors which might sustain or compromise the process of development and incorporating this understanding into individual effort with the children as well as their families are fundamental towards enlightening more encouraging surroundings. The professionals of early childhood can assist the parents and additional caregivers by instructing them with the ways of spending and enjoying m ore time with their children, strengthen optimistic skills, supervise actions and set restrictions, as well as lessen the utilization of insensitive disciplinary ways. These are the vital skills of parenting that facilitate children to develop constructive social behavior, pro-activeness, and some other skills which they will require in school and other environments for becoming successful in an efficient manner. References Bornstein, M. H., Bradley, R. H. (Eds.). (2014).Socioeconomic status, parenting, and child development. Routledge. Bruce, T. (2012).Early childhood education. Hachette UK. Crain, W. (2015).Theories of development: Concepts and applications. Psychology Press. Essa, E. (2013).Introduction to early childhood education. Cengage Learning. Gonzalez-Mena, J. (2013).Foundations of early childhood education: Teaching children in a diverse society. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Gordon, A., Browne, K. (2013).Beginnings beyond: Foundations in early childhood education. Cengage Learning. Kolb, D. A. (2014).Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. FT press. Lewis, C., Mitchell, P. (2014).Children's early understanding of mind: Origins and development. Psychology Press. Mitchell, R., Myles, F., Marsden, E. (2013).Second language learning theories. Routledge. Mooney, C. G. (2013).Theories of Childhood: An Introduction to Dewey, Montessori, Erikson, Piaget Vygotsky. Redleaf Press. Morrison, G. S. (2013).Fundamentals of early childhood education. Pearson Higher Ed. Penn, H. (2014).Understanding early childhood. McGraw-Hill Education (UK). Swim, T. J. (2015). Theories of child development: Building blocks of developmentally appropriate practices.Development,10, 27. Trawick-Smith, J. (2013).Early childhood development: A multicultural perspective. Pearson Higher Ed. Wasserman, L. H., Zambo, D. (2013). Introduction. InEarly Childhood and Neuroscience-Links to Development and Learning(pp. 1-5). Springer Netherlands. Wittmer, D. S., Petersen, S. H., Puckett, M. B. (2012).The young child: Development from prebirth through age eight. Pearson Higher Ed.

Promotion Strategies in Effective Marketing Plans

Discussion To ensure that the rapid diagnostic product achieves success in the market, an effective marketing plan that differentiates the company in the market place should be set up elaborately. This is intended to offer the company an excellent opportunity for early success. The marketing plan incorporates key elements that would help commercialize the rapid diagnostic products effectively.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Promotion Strategies in Effective Marketing Plans specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These key elements include: promotional literature and advertising material; promotional newsletter; customer training workshops; medical/scientific trade exhibitions such as, the media; domestic promotion that includes mailings and telephone contacts; specific target product mailings conducted monthly; key journal advertising; internet home page; presentation and publication of scientific papers; international distribution meetings; multimedia presentations on notebooks and desktop computers; distribution of multimedia presentation on CD; and press releases. Promotion Literature Advertising will be the major promotional element the company will use to penetrate the market. It will be used both to establish the rapid diagnostic product in the market and increase its sales. Through advertising in medical and scientific journals, the market will be informed of the very existence of the product and, specifically, its pharmacological, chemical, and physical properties. Clients will be persuaded to use for the cure, prevention, or treatment of disease (Stephens, 2005). The advertising will adhere to six specific principles; the central sales idea, uniformity of presentation, protested promotion, split second timing, overwhelming of clinicians, and advertising behind advertising. A central idea will be developed by emphasizing the physical, the chemical or pharmacological properties of the prod uct. It will also include its mode of administration, side effects, and contraindications. The aim will be to differentiate the product from existing competitive products, thereby offering the product uniqueness in its class (Kurtz, 2009). Uniformity of presentation will include the proper coordination of all promotional activities, including detailing, direct mail and advertising (Kotler, 2000). The advertising material will be protested on selected practicing medical practitioners in selected localities.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This will be aimed at evaluating the product purpose and effectiveness, so that necessary alterations could be made in the final product. Split second timing of promotion will involve simultaneous distribution of the product, detailing, direct mail, and journal advertising. The Internet Homepage The internet would provide the most powerful m edium for promoting the rapid diagnostic products to the market (Can’t, 2009). The internet has a multimedia nature combined with its capacity to deliver huge amounts of product information to users. This means that it is an effective medium for advertising and promoting products. Through the internet, the company would not only publicise the products on the net, but also advertise the products to a global public at a fraction of the cost of traditional advertising (Paley, 2000). It is easy to update and expand through the internet. The internet would provide no real limit on how information on the product can be made available to clients. Furthermore, the company can focus on the product, offering video clips, detailed graphics, photographs and animations, in addition to text. This will enable it to provide more detail not possible with other advertising media (Can’t, 2009). Promotional Newsletter The company can utilize the email facility of most web browsers in conj unction with lists of addresses to dispatch out e-mail with advertising slants. Although hardcore advertising is generally frowned upon in the e-mail in the e-mail world, the company can create an e-newsletter that provides value added information that would be important to a select group of prospects. The company will utilize its website to promote the e-newsletter; encouraging visitors to subscribe to the newsletter with the promise that they will be getting necessary information related to the company products. This assists the viewer to initiate contact with the e-newsletter rather than being forced on them. The company will benefit from the advertising as it will be associated with the newsletter as long as it is a good newsletter. The newsletter will also enable the company to unobtrusively advertise its products and services (Loudon, 2004).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Promotion Strategies in Effective Marketing Plans specifically for you f or only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Customer Trainings Workshops The company will strive to offer medical training to both its sales force and clients through training and workshops. Training and workshops will concentrate on supporting clients, and promoting professional and online information for customers. Customer training and workshops will offer clients medical education on the products through strategy, content development, and online broadcast conferences and events. The workshops will bring the medical experts and allow leaders in the medical industry to interact with sales professional through various medical simulations (Paley, 2000). Medical Science trade Exhibitions The company will take advantage of trade exhibitions to promote the product. Stalls for exhibitions will professionally be designed. The company will engage an advertising agency to provide the design. Promotional materials will be printed and distributed. Gifts such as wall calendars will be p rovided for those who visit the stall. These arrangements will be made well in advance and carried to the exhibition site. The company will also provide enough manpower to put up the stall during the exhibition (Kotler, 2000). Domestic promotions The company will make use of direct mailings for its domestic promotions. This will be a mechanism for disseminating unsolicited and solicited information abut the product. Unsolicited information will be that which is received without having been requested or subscribed for. Among the materials that will be available by this mechanism shall be direct mailings about the medical products and advertisements from product distributors. Unsolicited materials through the mail will be an important source of medical information for both lay people and medical professionals. The company will use the mails to send literature in response to direct requests or to people on the mailing lists (Loudon, 2004). Specific Target Program Mailings The company w ill carefully consider what type of clients to target and the product to promote. The company will establish specific objectives that will be measurable. These objectives will be related to improved medical service to clients, enhance client education on certain topics on the product and enhance target goals for utilization of the products.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The objectives will be program based to assist in deciding on target market (Physicians and patients). The objective will also develop communication methods for offering the product to the target market (Kotler, 2000). Key Journal Advertising Professional journal advertising that shall be engaged by the company will adhere to the medical associations of most countries. Before publishing, the company will ensure that it passes through censorship to comply. Such requirements expected to be met will include: the advertisement clearly identifying the advertiser and the product; ensuring that the advertisement is not deceptive and misleading; ensuring that the layout, art work and format are such as to avoid confusion with editorial content of publication (Westwood, 2001). The company will not engage in unfair comparisons and unwarranted disparagement of competitors products. In sum, the advertisement will conform to the principles of clinical ethics. Multi media Presentation The use of multimedia will be aimed at making communications more efficient and effective, thus assisting the company to accurately discern the need for change and to formulate and implement an appropriate response. Multimedia communication will enhance the company’s ability to enrich the customer, cooperate to enhance competiveness, organize to master change and uncertainty, and leverage the impact of people and information. Multimedia will contribute to the strategic thrust that facilitates agility and long term success for the company (Paley, 2000). Multimedia will effectively be utilized in promoting products to customers. The company will utilize the web as a popular medium of delivery of multimedia promotions. The company will utilize web pages using a rich combination of media in promotions. The web pages will be endowed with pictures to show products, text that describe the product, graphs and charts that further highlight desirable performance characteristics of products and mo re. Videos could also be included to the clients to see the product in action. This will deliver a customer testimonial that actually indicates a satisfied customer using the product. The effective use of multimedia on web pages will be a powerful tool for persuasion (Luther, 2001). Distribution of Multimedia Presentation on CD The multimedia will be employed effectively to provide clients with added value for sale. It will be used to offer assembly and operating instructions, to deliver information on other products that might, based on customers profile be of importance to customers. The will strive to offer customers the product with a video tape as a substitute to a traditional paper assembly and operating instructions manual for the use of the products. The video will provide instructions on how to use the product. Multimedia presentation on CD-ROM is another medium that will be used effectively by the company for the delivery of multimedia after-sale customer support. The impo rtant advantages targeted will be the capacity to support greater customer interaction and a delivery of a combination of media. CD-Rom based multimedia manuals will allow users to have more choice about the nature of assistance they receive. CD-ROM based multimedia manuals will designed to offer clients options from which to select a form of assistance appropriate for them (Kotler, 2000). International Distributor Meetings International sales distribution will cover the sales and logistic processes. These sales processes will involve the acquisition of orders. Product sales will start with location of the final demand for the products and services. This is the stage closest to the client, so it interprets requirement patterns and preferences and transmits external client orders. These external orders are expected to come directly from ultimate clients or from intermediary institutions directly. The orders will then be translated into specific supply chain activities, such as; proce ssing of orders, operations of distribution centres, and holding and control of stocks (Westwood, 2001). The sales processes will be aimed at creating client loyalty and the performance of the chain. Logistic processes which includes the design of the physical distribution process, order processing and delivery will be carefully designed. International distributors meetings will assist monitor the dynamics in the market environment that might influence product distribution. In addition, the company will provide graphics such as; logos and photos to country operations. The company’s overseas distributors will take advantage of annual international distributor meetings to discuss promotional practices with their head office counterparts (Can’t, 2009). The company will have alternative strategies to spell out how the company’s resources shall be combined and adapted to market needs. The company’s international marketers will form communication programs for a pplication in targeted markets. These programs will include; advertising, personal selling, publicity, and sponsorship (Can’t, 2009). Promotion through Press releases The company will engage in full gear public relations. This will ensure non-personal stimulation of demand for the product by paid placement of important news regarding the product in a print or broadcast medium. This will be aimed at creating the products credibility for advertising to follow. The company will generate publicity by creating special events, holding press conferences, and preparing news releases and media kits. Through press releases, the company will operate cost effectively and will get an easy way to get free publicity and generate interest and sales for the product. The press releases will also assist the company in generating tons of enquiries from a single press release send to a list of journals that serve the market (Loudon, 2004). Conclusion In sum, proper coordination of all activities will be ensured to achieve promotional strategies (Westwood, 2001). By overwhelming the medical practitioner, the company will try to keep clients informed about its products through the promotional cycle (Stapleton, 1998). This will include informing them of the name of the product, explaining the story of the product, what the product is used for, convincing them on its clinical effectiveness, informing of progress of the company, and dispatching samples of the product, for the purpose of maintaining the name of the company to remain fresh in their minds (Loudon, 2004). Reference List Can’t, M. (2009). Marketing Management. New York: Routledge. Kotler, P. (2000). Marketing Management. London: Blackwell Publishers. Kurtz, D., Mackenzie, F., Snow, K. (2009). Contemporary Marketing. New York: Springer. London, D., Robert, S. (2004). Marketing Management. New York: Routledge. Luther, W. (2001). The Marketing Plan. London: Springer Publishers. Paley, N. (2000). The Marketing S trategy Desktop Guide. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Stapleton, J., Thomas, M. (1998). How to Prepare a Marketing Plan. London: Blackwell Publishers. Stephens, J., Thomas, M. (2005). Marketing Planning Guide. New Jersey: Princeton University Press Westwood, J. (2001). The Marketing Plan. New York: Open Court Publishing. This essay on Promotion Strategies in Effective Marketing Plans was written and submitted by user J0ey to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Creation Vs. Evolution

Creation vs. Evolution Outline Title: Creation vs. Evolution or Scientific Creation Thesis: Creation vs. Evolution has been a hot topic with society for centuries. Just recently, in the mid-1980’s an new kid came on the block, Scientific Creation. Purpose: The following will show the main ideas of Creation, Evolution, and Scientific Creation. I will also show why I believe in Creation and what aspects of Evolution and Scientific Creation help me to confirm this belief. Creation vs. Evolution or Scientific Creation The cosmos, whether you believe in Creation, Evolution, or Scientific Creation is a very interesting subject. Creation, as documented in the Bible in Genesis 1:1 states that â€Å"In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.† It shows that God created the universe and all living things out of love, in a particular order, and with a particular purpose. Evolution portrays the origin of life as starting out with the â€Å"big bang†. The collision of two atmospheres, both atmospheres having the ability to create life as we know it. Scientific Creation is not based on Genesis or any religious teaching. Scientific Creation is based on the scientific data, which supports Creation. According to Henry M. Morris, the difference between Scientific Creation and Biblical Creation is â€Å"the first is based solely on scientific evidence, from such sciences as genetics, geology, thermodynamics and paleontology; the second is based on Biblical teachings.† In examining the above beliefs, Creation, Evolution and Scientific Creation, I view Scientific Creation as an attempt to make a lateral connection between Evolution and Creation. The theory that all living creatures came out of the â€Å"big bang† (according to Evolution) is too far of a stretch to the imagination for me. If all animals, insects and human beings were created due this collision and through an evolutionary process, then one would think that we would all be r... Free Essays on Creation Vs. Evolution Free Essays on Creation Vs. Evolution Creation vs. Evolution Outline Title: Creation vs. Evolution or Scientific Creation Thesis: Creation vs. Evolution has been a hot topic with society for centuries. Just recently, in the mid-1980’s an new kid came on the block, Scientific Creation. Purpose: The following will show the main ideas of Creation, Evolution, and Scientific Creation. I will also show why I believe in Creation and what aspects of Evolution and Scientific Creation help me to confirm this belief. Creation vs. Evolution or Scientific Creation The cosmos, whether you believe in Creation, Evolution, or Scientific Creation is a very interesting subject. Creation, as documented in the Bible in Genesis 1:1 states that â€Å"In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.† It shows that God created the universe and all living things out of love, in a particular order, and with a particular purpose. Evolution portrays the origin of life as starting out with the â€Å"big bang†. The collision of two atmospheres, both atmospheres having the ability to create life as we know it. Scientific Creation is not based on Genesis or any religious teaching. Scientific Creation is based on the scientific data, which supports Creation. According to Henry M. Morris, the difference between Scientific Creation and Biblical Creation is â€Å"the first is based solely on scientific evidence, from such sciences as genetics, geology, thermodynamics and paleontology; the second is based on Biblical teachings.† In examining the above beliefs, Creation, Evolution and Scientific Creation, I view Scientific Creation as an attempt to make a lateral connection between Evolution and Creation. The theory that all living creatures came out of the â€Å"big bang† (according to Evolution) is too far of a stretch to the imagination for me. If all animals, insects and human beings were created due this collision and through an evolutionary process, then one would think that we would all be r...

Problem Solving Skills

Problem Solving Skills The term problem solving skills refers to a number of academic and real life situations that require the ability to dissect problems and effectively resolve them. Problem solving  is considered to be the process of finding solutions to difficult issues.  The term problem solving skills refers not only to one’s ability to solve math problems but also to a number of academic and real life situations that require the ability to dissect problems and effectively resolve them. Problem solving skills are also of extreme importance in the academic setting because they are an inalienable part of one’s studies, effective work and life. Your teachers, tutors, professors, instructors will often give you problem-solving assignments as means of building up your life and academic competencies. Globally speaking, your entire education is built on problem solving, and here is why: when you are given a problem that ranges 1 out 3 on the complexity scale, you might not be able to deal with it at first. PROBLEM SOLVING STRATEGIES However, with a little bit of help and knowledge, you are able to break it up into a set of smaller problems and solve them one by one.  Eventually, you will be able to solve problems level 1 easily. Once you have reached this level, you will be ready to move on to Level 2 and the cycle will repeat. Education works exactly the same way: once you complete one problem-solving assignment, your skills grow and you are ready to move onto a more difficult one.  The higher you are in this hierarchy, the better your problem-solving skills are and the more complex problems you can resolve. Types of Problem Solving Skills As a matter of fact, solving different types of problems requires a considerable number of skills, but they all may be divided into two main types: analytical and creative. Let us find out the role of these two skill groups. Analytical skills, which are also collectively called ‘logical thinking’, is a kind of thinking responsible for selecting the best solution out of all possible solutions. Analytical thinking involves the following skills: ordering, comparing, contrasting, evaluating and selecting. Creative skills or creative thinking can be characterized as a thinking process, which creates a solution that is both new and valuable. The search for such solution is based on imagination, intelligence and cognition. Creative thinking helps to see beyond the obvious and plays an important role in solving the problem.  Creative thinking helps to see beyond the obvious and plays an important role in problem solving. Very often ideas obtained in the process of creative thinking seem illogical at first. However, subsequent ideas may alter and modify the initial ‘illogical’ solution to the extent where it seems perfectly suitable. Such skills include some basic elements such as fluency ­, flexibility,  and originality as well as  ­producing uncommon ideas. Problem Solving Pattern Effective problem solving usually involves a number of specific steps. Depending on the situation and the type of problem, you will use one or the other problem-solving pattern. Nevertheless, we would like to offer a list of specific problem-solving steps. Problem identification Ability to identify a problem means that a person can adequately detect and recognize the problem, identify its source and nature. It may sound obvious, but this step requires more thought and analysis than it may seem at first. Problem structure This skill requires the ability to observe, carefully inspect and develop a clear picture of the problem. When working on a problem, you need to find as much information about the problem as possible; as a result, you will build a more comprehensive picture of goals and barriers. This may not be needed for simple problems but is necessary for complicated ones. Identifying possible solutions When trying to solve a problem you will need to identify all possible solutions and select the most viable of them. It works like brainstorming, where you name and write down whatever solution comes into your mind. The only difference is that your solutions are limited to whatever ideas come to your head, and that narrows down your choices. Nevertheless, you are still getting a list of viable solutions and are able to select the ones that you think are most effective. Decision-making skills Once you have generated all solutions it is essential that you select the best one. This is perhaps the most complex part of the problem-solving process. Some solutions may not be possible due to circumstance like time constraints, budget, complexity etc. Evaluate all pros and cons and make a decision – which course of action do you want to take? Implementation This step involves accepting and carrying out the chosen course of action. Implementation implies that you need to act based on the chosen solution. Implementation stage may bring some unexpected surprises; in most cases, they are a result of inadequate analysis of the problem. Feedback The last step of effective problem solving is reviewing outcomes of problem solving. This step means that you need to make sure your decision was successful and effective. This can be achieved by monitoring and gaining feedback from people affected by the changes that occurred. THE ART OF EFFECTIVE PROBLEM SOLVING In order to effectively solve problems, you need to be attentive, well-organized, flexible and motivated to find the solution. This level of problem-solving skills will require you to build up considerable experience in problem solving. Once you have dealt with a number of complex issues and have attained certain expertise in it, you will start solving most problems subconsciously and automatically. While you are still on this way, is happy to help you work through your problem-solving assignments. We are ready to help you with all kinds of problem-solving activities, ranging from math problems to problems of logical nature, law and even more. Feel free to place your order today and we will gladly help you to work through your assignment. is the service you can trust!

Planet Earth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Planet Earth - Essay Example This process is called migration and this cycle can be amazing. The largest land migration of any animal happens in the spring in Northern Canada when three million caribou march across the tundra. The spring is also marked by melting sea ice that broadens the deciduous forest and fattens the many water ways that thread their way across the land. The movement of water during the year is another significant cycle taking place daily on our planet. All life is dependant on water and many species spend a most of their time searching for and following water, like elephants and buffalo. The distribution of water also shapes our landscape; where water is prevalent the land is lush and green and where it is sparse the land is dry and barely inhabited. When this is the case we have desert and, sadly, the amount of land that is covered with desert is growing yearly. The desert experiences a lack of rain and rain is the source of all fresh water, which is essential to the survival of all species, plant and animal. The rain fattens our rivers and streams as the melting of the polar ice does.

Paper tigers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Paper tigers - Essay Example In the article, Yang points out that most Asian Americans are seen as obedient, non-questioning individuals. In fact, he terms them as â€Å"conformist quasi-robots who simply do not matter† (Yang, 2011). This explains why they are really given management positions in most companies in America. The author gives the example of James Hong, who says that he was not considered to be good enough to hold management positions. Stereotypes have denied most Asian American the chance to serve in top levels of organizations but instead given jobs on lower ranks. The predicament faced by Asian Americans as described in this article can extent to other groups affected by various forms of stereotypes. In the end, the perceptions held by others about a given group greatly influence how the affected people are treated in the society. Secondly, it is clear that stereotypes make individuals have negative perceptions about themselves and their culture, and relegate themselves to lower classes. Through this perception, these people are left to occupy the lowest ranks in the society, making themselves appear inferior. For example, in this article, Yang gives the example of Tim Wu who grew up in Canada, and witnessed how whites and Asians perceive each other. According to Wu, there was the assumption that Asians were talented at bitter labor. In other words, Asians were seen to be good at the most brutal part and therefore most suited for it. The whites, on the other hand, portrayed themselves to be above all that. In the end, as Wu notes, the Asians moved towards these kinds of low class jobs because they believe they are best suited for them. This illustrates how stereotypes make people to lower themselves and have negative perceptions about themselves. They tend to put themselves in the lowest classes because that is what the rest of the society believes they

Steroids in the World of Sports Essay Example for Free

Steroids in the World of Sports Essay During the 1930s, scientists discovered that anabolic steroids could help the growth of muscle in laboratory animals, which led to abuse of these drugs by bodybuilders and weightlifters and then by athletes in other sports. Ever since the beginning of sports there has been different techniques used in order to gain an edge over opponents. The question that has been most frequently asked is, which of these techniques is considered cheating, and which ones are fair game. The use of steroids is now the most well known form of cheating in recent sports history, and has drove many sports commissioners into a full investigation, that has lead to unique unprecedented punishments. Professional stars must realize that they are huge role models in today’s society, and are influencing young athletes all over the world. Any player in today’s society knows that there is a major punishment for using any kind of performance enhancing drugs. Not only do they get suspended immediately but if and when they return are often booed by fans, and are basically embarrassed in front of the entire league. Since steroids has been such a major subject of late, and such closely watched, I think anyone who tries is just asking for trouble. If an athlete in one of the major sports is caught using performance enhancing drugs there is immediate media frenzy. Many people believe that if your caught using performance enhancing drugs, any accomplishments you made during your career should be erased. You then might ask yourself, what would drive an athlete to risk their playing career by using steroids? Steroids are manufactured to enhance testosterone and are usually taken to build muscle, boost performance, and improve appearance. Often older players use steroids when they are injured because they do not recover as fast as they usually would when they were younger. In sports, size is extremely important, and that extra thirty or forty poun ds will have a major factor in how an athlete will play. One of the biggest problems with performance enhancing drugs is that scientist keep coming up with new drugs that the public doesn’t know about. All of the major sports now drug test their athletes, but since these newly developed drugs aren’t well known there is no way they can regulate the test. We have seen baseball players like Mark McGwire and Jose Conseco admit to the use of a drug called Andro. Andro is now one of the performance enhancing drugs being tested by the league. During the time that Mark McGuire and Jose Conseco were playing not to many people knew about the drug, and was considered to be legal. As the major sports try to put an end to this steroid era, we see some of the biggest stars being linked to steroid use. It is very easy to link this to the amount of teenagers in high school and college that are now using performance enhancing drugs. Over the past decade the percentage of young adults that have admitted to using steroid has almost tripled. Since most of the players being caught are major stars, it is easy for young adults to think all they need to do is take steroids and they’ll have that extra edge. The sport that has been affected most by this steroid era has been Major League Baseball. Ninety-five percent of the people who vote on the Baseball Hall of Fame agree that if a player has been associated with the use of steroids, they would never vote that athlete into the Hall of Fame. This is a very important subject because there have recently been a number of baseball players that would be a lock for the Hall of Fame if they were not linked to steroid use. It is very hard to determine the penalty for these players because nothing like this has ever happened before. Some fans believe that the use of steroids have very little effect in certain sports, and do not understand the big deal. Some have actually suggested making steroids legal, and the athletes can take them at there own risk. Although I think this idea is fascinating, I do not believe I could ever happen. The pressure for players to use steroids would be almost impossible to resist, and would lead to everyone to take them. The style of play in most sports would change from skill and technique to power and strength, which would take away from the beauty of the game. The most important reason they could never legalize steroids in sports is because of the health reasons involved with taking steroids. Steroid use is one of the most controversial subjects in today’s society because of many different reasons. There are so many supplements that are considered to be legal, but there is just as many that are considered to be illegal. Athletes must ask themselves if it is worth it to risk their careers on trying to just get an edge. The problem with this is that most people do not think of the consequences until after they get caught. The most important thing most major league players don’t think about when they use steroids is how it affects young athletes in today’s society.

The Fire That Burns Within :: Personal Narrative, Autobiographical Essay

The Fire That Burns Within "...we but level that lift to pass and continue beyond." Walt Whitman, "Now I Will You to Be a Bold Swimmer," Song of Myself. I never really thought about how one's childhood continues to shape one's future. When I was young it never crossed my mind to say, "I wanna be a medical doctor of endocrinology when I grow up" or "I wanna be a biomedical researcher at A&M University." It was, of course, always "I wanna be a fireman" or "I'm gonna be an astronaut." Somewhere along the line I became interested in science, and now I want to become a doctor. From looking back on my past all I can figure out is that my interest in science grew the more I learned. I see it as this burning fire that started out as a spark when I went to my first science fair in second grade and saw all those experiments written out and displayed on tri-folded poster board cut-outs. Now I try to feed that flaming fire of curiosity by learning as much as possible about everything, yet I also need to stay focused and concentrate on this future in medicine. In short, I need to become an ideal student. In my opinion, the ideal student is one who always asks questions, consistently yearning to know what is unknown to him or her. The ideal student is smart and always wondering and thinking about something. This ideal student doesn't necessarily need to be totally organized, yet that student shouldn't be sloppy either. For instance, I can be really smart, always ask questions, always be thinking, but I could be so disorganized I couldn't even find my homework. An ideal student is a curious student, constantly pondering and frequently trying to communicate these thoughts to others. "A scholar is driven by a force as strong as his curiosity, that compels him to tell the world the things he has learned," says Edmund S. Morgan, of Yale University, in his paper "What Faculty Expect of Students." I do not think I am Morgan's ideal student. I only meet a few of the requirements. I do, however, think quite a bit.

Car Bumper Design – materials and specifications

Bumpers are safety features fixed to the front and back of vehicles. They are design to take a certain amount of impact from a collision by acting as dampers. To improve efficiency and performance modern bumpers are design to be aerodynamic and cheap. By developing wind channels in the bumper air can be used to provide more grip and stability for a safer drive. Modern bumpers are also design to be interchangeable after impacts for low cost repair. Car manufactures tend to design their bumpers from thermoplastics as it is cheaply made and adsorbs impacts more effectively. To design an efficient bumper all possible environmental and unforeseen circumstances most be taken into account. Material specification Since metal components were more used in the design of larger vehicles a polymer based material was selected. This allowed for cheaper and easier manufacture components. To select the appropriate polymer for the bumper the fallowing applications had to be look at to obtain an overall purpose of the bumper. * Vehicle car crash Frontal-impact tests To protect pedestrians from low speed frontal-impacts standard test are performed on the front of cars. Bumpers are subject to impacting a dummy at knee height. If there isn't enough impact absorption in the bumper resulting in a broken leg test failure will occur. To combat this application material's with high absorption and tensile strength is look at first. [1] * Environmental factor Environmental factor involves a range of different topics for this project the main ones will be focus on o Recycling or disposal of the material safely and cheaply. A polymer that is commonly recyclable with low disposal costs. o Protection of the material for weather conditions. Nearly all plastic experience UV degrading from the sun or micro fractures occurring from frost over time. Finding the highest resilient polymer and adding additives should solve this problem for a suitable polymer. * Manufacturing Process During the manufacturing process the polymer will have to undergo heat treatment, compression and shearing processes. Preferably a polymer with a high melt flow index and a low melting temperature. This would allow for cheaper heating cost and quicker cycle times. Mechanical Properties To obtain the required specification of the polymer required the fallowing standard tests are performed. Property ASTM * Melt flow index D1238 * Tensile strength D638 * Tensile modulus D638 * Flexural strength D790 * Flexural Modulus D790 * Notched Izod impact test D256 Material Selection After researching different polymers and comparing mechanical properties it was found that Polypropylene polymer was mainly used in manufacturing of bumpers. PP (Polypropylene) Polypropylene is highly common material in manufacturing from furniture to carpets. The reason for its popularity is its low cost, making it suitable for the production of bumpers. Manufacturing methods: PP is suitable for extrusion, injection moulding and vacuum forming. It has a high melt flow index which allows for quicker flow through the mould. This optimises time between granulated polymer entering and leaving as a component. Its low melting point allows for cheaper heating costs. Mechanical properties: The mechanical properties for PP show high impact resistance even in low temperatures. The material is stiff, and the properties are kept over a wide temperature range. These properties allow for the polymer to experience enough flexibility to absorb small impacts while returning to its original shape. Average Melt flow index 26.8 g/10min Tensile strength 33.0 MPa Flexural strength 49.0 MPa Notched Izod impact test 2.00 kJ/mà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Melting point 159 à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C Table 1 Environmental factor PP experience small amount of UV degradation but this is relatively small compared to other polymer to solve this additives are added. Though this adds further costs the benefits of the other properties compensates for loses. [3] PP is considered a type 5 plastic for recycling. It is commonly recycled fulfilling the environmental factor. Disadvantages When coating and painting the finished component it is found that polypropylene is hard to work with. Colours and dies have to be added at the right time and temperature for quality assured product. Alternative ABS (Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene) exhibits a lot of PP properties. But due to high UV degradation additives are added increasing costs. Process selection Manufacturing of polymer components involve a verity of different ways. Through research injection-compression moulding was the most commonly used form of manufacturing a bumper. Injection-compression moulding Fig [1] 1. Support wall for injection and apposing compression clamp of mould 2. Mould with coolant attached 3. Main clamping forcing that applies pressure on the mould to counter react the force of injection 4. Second clamping forcing applied after injection mould process is complete. This further compresses the polymer in the mould. Due to a larger surface area more pressure is exerted completely filling the mould. 5. Secondary hydraulic ram 6. Locking levers 7. Tie Bar for supporting movement of clamp 8. Lock of point 9. Primary Hydraulic ram 10. Back support wall Injection Moulding Injection moulding involves the feeding in of granulated ABS into the feed hopper. As it is funnelled down the polymer enters the cork screw were it is slowly force up the shaft. During this process the polymer is slowly heat by the heaters surrounding the shaft. At the end the polymer is heated enough to melting temperature allowing for flow to occur. By the cork screw constantly compressing the polymer all air bubbles are force out resulting in a uniform flow of polymer been extruded through the sprue into mould. Compression moulding On entering the mould the polymer is forced to spread out to fill the mould. In conventional injection moulding the polymer would only fill about 96% of the mould. By having a partial opened mould the existing polymer in the mould can then be compress completely filling the mould. [2] By combing these two process techniques compression-injection moulding is performed. Properties Moulding machines with clamping range from 8000KN to 13000KN and a shot capacity up to 4000g m/s. Suppliers Engel, Demag, Klockner, Windsor http://www.sumitomo-shi-demag.eu/products/ Alternative Thermoforming forming of the product by place a heated blank sheet of the polymer over the mould and through suction creating the component Bumper drawings The fallowing drawings show the basic model of the part been produced. The overall thickness of the bumper throughout was taken as 10mm. The part had to be design to suit the mould so the polymer could flow easy. This involved keeping a constant flow of lines so no corners would be create and fairly uniform surface Fig. 1 Auxiliary view of bumper Fig. 2 Bumper Mould design Designing and constructing the mould requires highly precise work in both physical and theatrical ends of the process. To break even on cost a mould has to withstand a prolong cycle time. To achieve this length of time attention product quality most be reliable. Fig. 3 Mould and bumper Creating the mould involve the fallowing design parameters * Shape of bumper and tolerances * Mould had to be design for injection process * Direct gate hot runner injection system for funnelling the melted polymer from the injection system to the mould. By insulating the mould from the runner the temperature of the sprue can be maintained allowing the same left over material to be injected into the next product. * A draft angle throughout the mould and the sprue to allow for easy release. 1à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ per side of the sprue * Cooling system to allow for uniform temperature during cooling * It was desire not to have sharp corners in the mould as it reduces the bumper strength while creating mould flow problems * Type of tool steel * Surface finish Mould drawings To gain a full understanding of the environment in the mould finite element modelling would have to be applied. This would give a computer aided design of the melt flow analysis throughout the mould, expected expansion and compression forces exerted during the process and cycle time prediction Fig. 4 Top of mould designed so internal dimensions of the bumper was taken Fig. 5 Bottom of mould designed so external dimensions of the bumper was taken Fig. 6 Assembly of mould Bumper Mould specification Steel Type Steel H13 was selected as it has long cycle life and shows great resistance to constant temperatures, wear, cracking and thermal shock. All these properties are associated with the manufacturing process. [5] Injection system Direct gate system. Reduces risk of blockage and allows for easy maintenance. Ejection System Robotic machine to extract the bumper from the mould with the use of suction pads. This allow for constant machine operation. Surface Finishing High gloss finish to ensure a polished surface on bumper and reduction of the bumper sticking in the mould. Mould Cycle Time: It is estimate from the polypropylene entering the mould, till extraction a time cycle of 45s exists. Cycle life If run at constant rate it is estimate that a cycle life time for the mould of a 100,000 components produced exists. Treatment Coolant channels create to maintain steady temperature. Mould coated with oil to prevent rust. Assumptions It was assumed that due to high compress and prolonged cycle times the mould would have to be highly strong and rigid. This involved making a highly thick walled and solid mould. On cooling of the polymer it was assumed that a shrinkage allowance of 0.5mm would have to be taken into account in the design of the mould. Manufacturing set-up Before production begins a manufacturing process is set. This takes into account standard working procedures and outside factors. This creates a more safe and quality assured environment. Procure material Granulated PP is source from a reliant and efficient supplier Treatment Polypropylene is dehumidified. Excess water is extracted before production occurs. This involves a pre-heating process. Feeding Granulated Polypropylene is brought to feed hopper where it is either manual feed in or through a conveyer belt machine system. Mould Top and bottom of the mould are load onto the clamps were their securely fixed. This involves crane operation and coordinated procedure as the moulds are highly heavy and can't afford to get damaged. Appropriate tonnage is applied compressing the mould. Clean Earlier material is purge out from the machine. Final check of machine operation is covered Production Polypropylene is slowly released into the cork screw and gradually begins to fill and compress. Fine tuning is performed on injection speeds, heaters, coolant temperatures, etc.. Tuning is performed till maximum efficiency is maintained. After the bumper is complete the mould is opened and the bumper is removed. Customer Bumper is deflash of excess polypropylene where injection occurs. This is either done robotically or by human intervention. The bumper is then sent off for packaging and storage where it will then go out to the customer. Factory layout Fig. 7 Factory layout from a plan view Material usage per annum It was assumed a cycle time of 45s between polymer entering and leaving mould. By taking into account other assumptions an overall estimate of components per year was found. Assumptions * Average time of 12 work hours per day * Maintenance of machinery, loading of material, organising and other factors estimate of 1 component every minute. (Estimate of 720 a day) * Average of 200000 bumpers per year. (Estimate 260 work days) * Mass of bumper 15kg Material usage per annum 3000 (metric) tons

Annalitical paragraph Miriam

Deanne C Why did Capote end the story this way? In the story â€Å"Miriam† by Truman Capote he purposefully created dual endings of this story. The dual ending theory is one that has been debated for years. One of the creepiest endings in this popular story is one where the character Miriam is actually an apparition that haunts Mrs.. Miller and refuses to leave. For example, in the last line of the story Mrs.. Miller says â€Å"Hello to Miriam† implying that Miriam has never left and plans to torment Mrs.. Miller forever.Capote chose this ending because it epic's mystery, suspense and creates an overall creepy undertone. This ending is a more â€Å"Hollywood† ending, thus increasing the enjoyment of the short story. However, in Capote's second ending this was a more light and upbeat ending that infuses hope into the reader. He ends the story with a clear moral message, always live your life to the fullest, and enjoy the little things. In this ending Mrs.. Miller investigates herself, and experiences a rude awakening when she finds out her real relationship with Miriam.As Capote illustrates In the story uniquely; Mrs.. Miller admits to herself â€Å"For the only thing that she had lost to Miriam was her Identity'. From this direct line from the story Capote conveys to the readers Mrs.. Millers anxiety was not really directed to Miriam, but the abrupt loss of her solitude life In which she has become so accustom to. In conclusion, Capote ended the story with dual endings depending on the reader's interpretation of the story. Capote's goal was to force the reader to choose an ending that best suits the person reading It.

Somali Child essays

Somali Child essays Advertisements have been used since the beginning of time as a strategy to promote products, ideas, and beliefs. They appear on television, at school and work, in newspapers and magazines and are heard on the radio. Advertising strategies and tactics change as peoples interests changes. Advertisements must appeal to the people in order for it to be effective. Successful advertisements are presented in such a way that persuades its audience to buy, do, or act on whatever is being promoted promoting. The advertisement of the Somali Child presents an emotional argument that is trying to persuade its audience to help the starving children in Somalia. The photograph of the Somali child is a picture of a little child that looks skinny, unhealthy, and dirty. The little boy is lying on the dirty ground covered in dust and dirt. Insects are crawling on the boy, which does not even seem to disturb him because it is such a frequent occurrence. One can see how skinny the boy is by looking at his arms. His arms are as skinny as sticks. The bracelet on his right wrist accentuates the skinniness because the bracelet is small, but his arms are a lot tinier. By seeing how skinny the little boy is, one can assume that this boy is unhealthy and in need for food. The creators intend for the audience to feel sorry for this specific child and all the other children in Somalia. Since there is only a picture and no words to promote the advertisement, one must draw the whole meaning from the photograph of the boy. When first looking at the picture one is drawn to the eyes of the child. The skinniness, dirtiness, and unhealthiness are noticed, but the glare of his eyes attracts one to them. It looks as though the boy is staring directly at the audience asking for help. The sadness of the Somali child's face makes one want to help him. Even though there are no words, the boy conveys the argument to the audience by the e...

A BRIEF LOOK AT OBAMACARE Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers

A BRIEF LOOK AT OBAMACARE Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers A BRIEF LOOK AT OBAMACARE Health care reform in the United States has a long history. Reforms have often been proposed but have rarely been accomplished. Har ry Truman in the 1940s , Richard Nixon in the 1970s, and Bill Clinton in the 1990s have given important struggles for a law that would cover every US citizen in health insurance. After all of them, when Obama became president, he brought the health system, which is called ObamaCare. In March, 2010, US President Barack Obama's healthcare bill passed by Congress. It aims to provide about 50 million Americans, 16 percent of the population, health care. "We have decided that it's time to give every American quality healthcare." said Barack Obama in his speech. The health system in America is the world's most expensive health system. Despite the fact that all kinds of health services, medicines and health insurance premiums are expensive, the quality of health care in the United States is low. The structure of the health insurance system in the USA is as follows: State pays health insurance expenses for government officials and soldiers. (These are 2 percent of the population.), Those who are very old or very poor benefit from two different applications called Medicare and Medicaid, which are funded from the budget. The state pays for these two different applications.(Medicare covers 15 per cent of the total population, 16 per cent of Medicaid.), In large-scale industrial establishments, employees in companies, benefit from insurance paid by premium establishments.(For nearly 45 percent of the population, these programs provide health insurance.), Personal insurances, group insurances are usually very expensive and have limited coverage. (Only 6 percent of the population benefits from private insurance with their own means.) Many Americans lack health care. The proportion of uninsured has been rising steadily since the 1970s. Except for the United States, no rich nation in the world fails to provide comprehensive health care that is free or inexpensive to its entire population. For this reason, health reform has been discussed in the United States for years. The health reform was a promise that Obama could fulfill. This reform is the product of Obama's promise to provide "h ealth care for everybody's budget". The Law on Affordable Healthcare, known publicly as Obamacare , entered into force gradually from 2010 onwards, despite the endless opposition of the Republicans. The pr oportion of uninsured people in the country has fallen from 15.7 percent to 9.2 percent. On the other hand, the Republican Party has strongly opposed Obamacare from the very beginning on the grounds that it infringes on individual freedoms and the US Constitution because it obliges health insurance. The new president, Donald Trump, showed his determination after the election that he was determined to cancel Obamacare except for a few parts. Thus, Obama's success is a controversial issue, although it seems to be among the promises Obama has made, it does not seem to be long-lived. Obamacare, officially called the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPAC), but more often called the Affordable Care Act (ACA) for short, reformed health care system as a whole. Obamacare was signed into law to reform the health care industry by President Barack Obama on March 23,2010 and upheld by the Supreme Court ruling on June 28,2012. This ruling involved changing the law to allow states to opt-out of expanding Access to Medicaid. Obamacare was signed into law to address the national health care crisis and to ma k e insurance more affordable and available for 44 million uninsureds. The Affordable Care Act 2010 is a reformation of healthcare system to be t ter be able to aid and treat the large percentage of law and middle income Americans who suff e r everyday without the proper health insurance. Obamacare,offered subsidies to obtain affordable quality health insurance and also did things like expand Medicaid to almost 20 million more Americans. The health care law has already aided millions of Americans afford be t ter quality health insurance, helped to reform the health insurance industry, and has expanded Americans healthcare rights. The healthcare law also aims to reduce wasteful spending and healthcare programs that are not working. The Affordable Care Act expands

Vendor Managed Inventory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Vendor Managed Inventory - Essay Example It is therefore inevitable to discard inventory with low turnover rates because the above fixed costs will have to be paid for whether or not the product has been sold. Asset management is a very important concept in finance. Any businessman should practice better working capital management. The levels of stock, debtors and cash must be balanced appropriately. From the above, for instance, it is practicable to invest $2,500 compared to $10,000 because when the stock is converted into cash, it could have generated some interest. But even though by going with the last option i.e. buying $2500 worth of inventory would be preferable as the approach suffers from one setback. I.e. the purchaser will have to forgive quality discounts by virtue of buying in bulk. However, consistently, we may apply the inventory turnover formula, as its usefulness will depend on how we have cost/valued our inventory. Stock can be valued on FIFO, LIFO or weighted average method. To get a reliable rate, then we must be consistent on how we value of inventory as some methods will over cash them while others will under cash the stock making the resulting conclusions to be misleading. The inclusion of the cost of goods sent to branches is also tricky if those other branches are in foreign states and operate in foreign currencies and yet the financial operators need be reported in reporting entity. Translations will then have to be made for the foreign operation back to the reporting entity's currency. But despite the criticism to this technique, inventory turnover is a very instrumental tool for decision making. One will be able to gauge on where to invest and disinvest in case of a low inventory turnover rate. Ajax Chemical's Existing Inventory A problem would arise when the vendor gives the consumer some money in advance before the products are sold. The products would either fetch low returns or no returns at all. The customer's inventory would again require to be maintained, distinguishing them from the other stock. This would mean additional labor costs. The return on this investment would then be too low for the vendor. May be it could be advisable for the vendor to monitor the sales patterns and know which product have a higher turnover rate that can give full credit on them, for the others with a moderately fair or no turnover rate, he should apportion his credit accordingly. For example, by pegging is as a percentage of the turnover rate. For example, a credit of $2,000 of the product's turnover rate is 100% while on the other hand a credit of $1,400 of the product's turnover rate is 70%. Ignoring of critical stock (Repair Parts) To avoid stock-outs, and make Vendor managed inventory succeed, the vendor must in his premises maintain a buffer/safety stock. Running out of stock is costly and a considerable safety stock need be maintained. But important also is the fact that this buffer stock shouldn't be too high as this would consequently catapult the stockholding costs to higher levels.Vendor managed inventory is a situation whereby a customer enters into a contract/agreement with a vendor for the latter to procure and store goods for him in his premises so that the customer can continue buying from him frequently and a lower

Leadership and Change (Love) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Leadership and Change (Love) - Essay Example Kotter (1996) proposes eight steps of management, which can be significantly essential in managing change. As Kotter demonstrates, the first step entails creating urgency. In this step, leaders develop urgency on why the organization needs change. Managers should identify probable threats and predict what might happen in the future. Therefore, this step focuses on identifying opportunities that can be exploited. Kotter argues that more than 75% of the organization’s management should buy into the new proposed change. Dubrin (2008) notes that the second step involve forming a powerful coalition; leaders should convince employees the necessity for change. Therefore, a team or a coalition of influential people should be brought together to succeed in leading change. The third step comprises of creating a vision for change; a clear vision helps members of the organization understand why they should embrace change. Thus, developing values centered to change and strategy for achievi ng the vision is particularly crucial in this step. The fourth to effective change management involves communicating the vision (Kotter, 1996). The vision should be communicated strongly and frequently. Based on this, the vision should be applied to all aspects of organizational operations from reviews on training to performance. The fifth step entails removing obstacles to achieve the proposed change. Thus, leaders should overcome people and structures, which resist change (Beerel, 2009). According to Kotter (1996 p 104), the sixth step involves creating short term wins; success motivates people. When the change process starts, leaders should give the company an experience of victory. Leaders should not choose early targets that may be expensive. Targets have to justify the investments in all the projects undertaken. Therefore, it would be crucial to analyze the pros and cons of the targets. Building on the change is the seventh step; leaders should analyze what succeeded and what needs to be changed. Additionally, they should set goals and targets to attain in the future. Ideas should be kept fresh by involving new leaders and change agents for the coalition. In this step, managers recognize the successes and failures, which they have made. This helps them make the necessary improvements in the organization. The eighth step entails anchoring the changes in corporate culture. Change has to become part of the organization’s core; it should be incorporated in all aspects. To Kotter, leaders should address progress and experiences of success. Thus, Leaders should place emphasis on change values and ideals in hiring and training staff. All members of the organization should take part so that no one feels left out in the change process. Kotter notes that a people driven and people oriented approach can be good while implementing change. Careful planning and building proper foundation also improves the chances of success in management (Nanus, 1998). The Kilp atrick Model Kilpatrick has proposed five key principles of effective change management. First, the change program should gain support from key decision makers within the organization. Secondly, planning should be conducted before implementing the projects (Kilpatrick, 1998). The third principle entails measurement; leaders state the objectives of the

Historiography and History Research Methods Essay

Historiography and History Research Methods - Essay Example The 20th century saw historians place less attention on narratives of epic nationalists and focus more on the complex and more objective study of intellectual and social forces. History was treated less like an art and regarded more as a social science, though there were still some historians who felt otherwise. Several other ways of studying history have since come up ever since with Postmodernists in the recent times questioning the need to study history on the basis of personal interpretation of sources. This paper is aimed at providing a historiographical analysis of the Berlin war. The Berlin wall attracted numerous different views from historians, depending on whether they viewed it from the West’s of East’s perspective. Both sides though, seemed to be at first seeking reasons to justify its construction before finally agreeing that the wall is a barrier (Ladd, 1998). The view of those supporting the East, according to Marxist theories, was that the Proletariat was using the wall as a defence against the influential bourgeoisie. Particularly, the East felt threatened by fascism which they saw as against socialist progress as noted by Beattie (2008). They seemed to imply that the neighbouring West Germany still possessed some Nazism. The West however, termed the wall shameful for the way it restricted movement between the two sides. Historians supporting the West, of course, differed with this view. According to them, the wall came up due to the two system’s historical discrepancy. They have, in many instances, viewed the period of the wall’s existence as totalitarian. Liberal historians, like the Marxists, however reported the war to have been a progressive development. From the East German’s point of view, the wall was some sort of a political embarrassment and a place to be avoided but the Western powers like Britain, US and West Germany held a different view about the wall. If fact, the

Commanding heights episode Essay Example for Free

Commanding heights episode Essay Commanding heights: The New Rules is the third film in the series and is about the 21st century economy. PBS sponsored the film under the direction of Michael Sullivan to inform the public about the economic situation. They speak about how the economy adapted to what is today. How the world nationalized third world countries allowing exchange and investment. Episode 3 addresses the current and future problems of a globalized world. Thats the structure of the film. The film clearly, thoroughly, and excitingly explains this through historic facts and stories told by citizens who lived during the changes. This is not an economics lesson but rather a high dramatic event that impacts peoples lives. Commanding Heights shows that it is people who create the ideas, it is people who accept or reject them, it is people who profit or suffer by them. The series travels to the locations where events happened, and in many cases, interviews the people who made them happen, from Bill Clinton to Milton Friedman to workers in various countries. Episode three encompasses that along with globalization and an open free market and period of peace and advancement of technologies and ideological views will happen. A global economy ill introduce a path to peace and prosperity for rich and poor nation alike. The New Rules of the Gamin 1992, things looked bad for the U. S. economy: Western Europe was assembling into a powerful economic alliance (the European Union) to compete with America, Japans economy was unstoppable, and the U. S. was in the worst recession in decades. The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was a trade agreement between the U. S. , Canada and Mexico that lowered, but did not eliminate, many trade barriers between the three countries. In large part, Bush wanted to get NAFTA approved to strengthen the U. S. economy against Japan and Europe. The negotiations for NAFTA began under his term. NAFTA became an issue during the 1992 elections. Bush wanted NAFTA 100%, Perot wanted it cancelled, and Clinton wanted NAFTA, but with important amendments added to force Mexico to raise labor and pollution standards so they would have to compete on more even footing with American workers. Clinton won, and his plan was put into action. The labor unions gave Bill Clinton the support he needed to win. NAFTA led to a huge increase in the amount of trade between the three countries. Likewise, each country ad significant GDP growth that was directly attributable to the freer trade. The biggest growth was in Mexico, in wealth and employment. The impact on the U. S. was that 400,000 American Jobs were lost to more competitive workers and factories south of the border, American unions sustained major and lasting damage to their political influence and membership, and the gap between rich and poor Americans grew wider. As in previous cases, deregulation and freer trade benefitted a whole economy in aggregate while severely hurting a small percentage of people and massively benefitting some companies that are able to take advantage of the new rade policies. In the global economy, annual trade in tangible goods and services is worth $8 trillion while trade in currencies is worth $288 trillion. U. S. workers in both public and private sectors have trillions of dollars invested in work-related retirement portion of American workers pensions is invested overseas. Thus, most American workers are significantly invested in the global economy. After NAFTA, Clinton pursued other important trade liberalization policies across the world. One of his major accomplishments was strengthening the global free market in the aftermath of Communisms collapse. In 1994, Mexico faced political and economic crisis, and the country came to the brink of defaulting omits foreign debt. There was real fear that the country, left to its own devices, could fall into chaos, and millions of refugees would head north into the U. S. Clinton had crisis meetings with his advisors over the issue and decided to give Mexico a $50 billion loan. It worked to stabilize the country, Mexico repaid the money ahead of schedule, and the U. S. looked like a benevolent actor to the world. However, many critics considered Clintons actions to be a prime example of moral hazard: By bailing out the Mexican government, the U. S. was in essence bailing out thousands of private investors who had put money into the country without properly weighing the risks. The bailout signaled the private sector that it could make similarly bad future investment choices without fear since the U. S. would again rescue them. Critics feared this would make sovereign debt crises more likely. Globalization is defined as the free flow of goods, services, capital, and labor across national borders. China has a number of Free Trade Zones, which are small geographic areas in which companies can build factories to build and export nything with very few restrictions. The Zones are exempt from Chinas otherwise strict business and export laws. Seaports and airports are usually located very close tour within Free Trade Zones. At long last, Japans economic bubble burst in the 1990s and the country slid into a major recession that it never really recovered from. American fears of Japan someday taking over the world economically were quickly and permanently dispelled. In the beginning America was behind Japan and Europe in trading and economic growth, thus NAFTA was created to allow trading between North America. The United States were now able to trade freely with Canada and Mexico, providing great economic growth for all three countries in North America. When trading borders opened up Tijuana became a massive manufacturer of televisions for the United States, Northern Mexico was able to open up many Jobs giving opportunities to Southern Mexicans. This created an economic boom in North America leading to a surge that would be able to compete with other Countries, because this would allow us to buy cheaper goods. In the end although it hurt American Jobs because Mexicos goods were cheaper, Both Bush and Clinton wanted NAFTA to succeed in order to put labor and pollution laws into effect in all the countries involved.

Causes, Impact and Management of Tsunamis :: Papers

Causes, Impact and Management of Tsunamis Introduction On the 26th of December at 06:48 Sri Lankan time(11:48) whilst most of the population were just going to sleep after a long Christmas day, one of the worlds largest recorded earthquake struck generating a tsunami which left the Indian ocean countries with more than 162,000 people dead and $675 million(U.S)of damages. The earthquake hit countries that were already troubled with poverty and debt leaving them in need of urgent help. World wide, people responded to help overcome this horrific disaster donating $450million and the British government donated a pledge of $96million. The word ‘Tsunami’ is a Japanese word with the English translation, "harbor wave." Represented by two characters, the top character, "tsu," means harbor, while the bottom character, "nami," means "wave." In the past, tsunamis were sometimes referred to as "tidal waves" by the general public though they are not actually related to tides. Causes The devastating tsunami was caused by an earthquake with a magnitude of 9.0 on the Richter scale and was estimated to have released the energy of 23,000 Hiroshima atomic bombs. The epicentre of the earthquake was under the Indian Ocean near the west coast of the Indonesian island of Sumatra. The violent movement of sections of the Earth's crust, known as tectonic plates, displaced an enormous amount of water, sending powerful shock waves in every direction. The earthquake was caused by the sliding of the India plate under the section called the Burma plate which is called a destructive plate boundary. The movement has been going on for a thousand years, one plate pushing against the other until something has to give. The result of this build up of pressure happened on December 26 was a rupture in the earths crust which was estimated more than 600 miles (1,000 kilometres) long, displacing the seafloor above Diagram showing the processes involved in a tsunami approaching a coastlineby 10 meters horizontally and several meters vertically. This small dislodge caused trillions of tons of rock to move along hundreds of Causes, Impact and Management of Tsunamis :: Papers Causes, Impact and Management of Tsunamis Introduction On the 26th of December at 06:48 Sri Lankan time(11:48) whilst most of the population were just going to sleep after a long Christmas day, one of the worlds largest recorded earthquake struck generating a tsunami which left the Indian ocean countries with more than 162,000 people dead and $675 million(U.S)of damages. The earthquake hit countries that were already troubled with poverty and debt leaving them in need of urgent help. World wide, people responded to help overcome this horrific disaster donating $450million and the British government donated a pledge of $96million. The word ‘Tsunami’ is a Japanese word with the English translation, "harbor wave." Represented by two characters, the top character, "tsu," means harbor, while the bottom character, "nami," means "wave." In the past, tsunamis were sometimes referred to as "tidal waves" by the general public though they are not actually related to tides. Causes The devastating tsunami was caused by an earthquake with a magnitude of 9.0 on the Richter scale and was estimated to have released the energy of 23,000 Hiroshima atomic bombs. The epicentre of the earthquake was under the Indian Ocean near the west coast of the Indonesian island of Sumatra. The violent movement of sections of the Earth's crust, known as tectonic plates, displaced an enormous amount of water, sending powerful shock waves in every direction. The earthquake was caused by the sliding of the India plate under the section called the Burma plate which is called a destructive plate boundary. The movement has been going on for a thousand years, one plate pushing against the other until something has to give. The result of this build up of pressure happened on December 26 was a rupture in the earths crust which was estimated more than 600 miles (1,000 kilometres) long, displacing the seafloor above Diagram showing the processes involved in a tsunami approaching a coastlineby 10 meters horizontally and several meters vertically. This small dislodge caused trillions of tons of rock to move along hundreds of